Alright, my tips would be:
* Rush the HarvestCraft quest. You can really delay the point diminishing returns kick in by eating rice soup. Really, first 4 iron for shears, then 1 for the chopping board.
* An overhang of glass covers stops spiders from climbing your walls.
** Stone walls (the block) stop anything that'd burn in the sun anyway, so you can use a line cobblestone walls and an overhang of cobblestone slabs as well.
* Remember you can place water from bottles into barrels. You don't need to use the fluid transposer to get your water from a bottle to the bucket.
* If you break through the ship's floor using a pickaxe, you can have more room indoors easily and early, and gather dust indoors which is good during both the day and night!
If you build this, you can keep hitting mobs until you get hungry from it. Remember, you don't get carrots and potatoes from zombies is the sun kills them. Once you do have a farm for them, your food situation should be secured. Those two plants grow like weeds, a few times faster than rice and cantaloupes, I'm actually composting surpluses and my farm isn't that large.
The sun cover is optional, and don't have the trenches start too close to your wall or creeper explosions will be able to toss mobs over your wall.