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81 openjdk is open source, while oracle's jre or jdk is not.
This means that openjdk could internally work very difrent then oracles but I have have no clue if that is indeed the case.
I just use openjdk because it is in the repositories which means I don't have to go out of my way to update it. (it just updates whenever I update my OS)
83 If you install a distro that comes with a GUI (such as Ubuntu, which is designed to be easy to set up and use), you'll have no more difficulty switching from Windows than switching from Windows to, say, Apple's OSX.
84 just...don't go directly to stuff like Debian.
Not because it is hard to use but by default it doesn't have access the non open-source software. As a result you may or may not have internet/other issues.
It isn't that hard to fix but if you make the switch you probably don't want to deal with that.
Then there is also the fact that Debian may or may not ask questions during install you have too google to know what it even means.
(the simplest question being: what desktop environment do you want?)
86 Ubuntu is good. I've been using it run my minecraft servers for years. But, I don't run a graphical front end so I don't have much experience with its desktop environment.
84 @RealKC .deb is the installer for Debian and most distro's that are based on it.
Most programs don't have an extension as they don't need to have one.
And .jar is only Linux friendly because it is a java program and will also work on windows. (I even had a program that was a .exe on windows, changed the .exe to .jar and it worked on Linux)
edit: I should clarify, that a .deb in itself is not an installer, rather a file containing all the data needed for your OS to know what to install.
83 Not 100% sure but I think if you have .jar it can switch back and forth but if you have an .exe it may have directory things that confuse it. And I actually had to spend like 20 minutes in the terminal to get some .jars to work on Ubuntu, minecraft wad one of them but I think it was because I used jdk instead of jre for most if my Java.
I said the first thing because in my experience that's what has happened but I don't know much about coding.
83 I personally never had trouble with minecraft or other programs that need java while using openjdk instead of oracles jre/jdk .
The biggest problem I once had was the fact that double clicking a .jar opened it as an archive and having java not in the list of programs to open it. This was however easily fixed by clicking on "use special command" on the same screen and letting it use java -jar.