I stand corrected after some testing: throughput for water is the same regardless of the liquiduct mode, at 100 mB/t when transporting water.
What do you mean by "less than x full"? Is this determined by the output/input pressure? i.e. If you have 200 mB/t from forced extraction mode and 34 combustion engines running off fuel at max temp (34x6 = 204 mB/t), what will happen? Will the engines eventually run out of water?
With the above caveat, it ends up being a 17 engines to hit 102 MJ/t and thus 102 mB/t. The typical behavior you'll see is all of the engines running up smoothly to hit 510 degrees Celcius, after which they begin to drain water from the liquiduct network. The engine coolant tanks will stay full for a short time period, depending on the size of the liquiduct network. Because each engine only consume 6 mB/t, even the minimum output rate of 50 mB/t per output connection is still going to outpace the burn rate. This reduction in throughput isn't exacty pressure. Once the liquiduct network is extremely low -- or if it were empty to start with -- then individual combustion engine tanks will slowly empty, and once they empty the combustion engine heat will go up.
And then boom.
In situations where the liquid consumption rate is higher than 50 mB/t, the precise nature of the system can be more relevant.
Note that, while this emulates total pressure for the system, it's a fairly simplified version of such things. There are no tests for bottlenecks between source inputs and destination outputs, for example.
Is this problem easily fixed by adding another forced extraction connection to the network, parallel to the first?
With my apologies for the confusion about extraction- and normal-mode connections, yes. Adding another input, as long as that input is attached to the same network, will add directly to the liquiduct's internal tank. That connection can sit directly in-line with the existing one, though, and you won't need to run another liquiduct line : again, liquiducts only check for throughput at inputs and outputs.